Assam TET Syllabus : UP

Comprehensive Guide to Syllabus, Important Topics, Notes & MCQs

Assam TET Upper Primary (UP) Syllabus

(For Classes VI & VIII)

CDP Syllabus - UP TET

A. Child development (For children of 12-14 years age group)-

• Factors influencing Development - Concept and stages of Development, Biological, Psychological and Environmental factors.
• Dimensions of Child Development - Physical changes, Cognitive, Emotional, Social and Moral, Understanding changes during the stages of development.
• Individual differences - Concept and areas of Individual Differences, Intra and Inter individual differences in various areas of Interest, Habits, Aptitudes, Intelligence, Creativity and their assessment.
• Personality - Concept and types of Personality and factors influencing personality.
• Adjustment - Concept of Mental Health and Hygiene.
• Adolescence - Stages of Adolescence, problems of adolescence, adolescence education, Guidance and Counselling, Understanding developmental Hazards.
• Process of Learning -
  i. Meaning and Nature of Learning.
  ii. Factors affecting Learning.
  iii. Maturation and Readiness for learning.
  iv. Motivation and Learning.
  v. Methods of Learning, Major Laws of Learning with their educational implications.
• Theories of Learning -
  i. Connectionism(Stimulus-Response Theory)
  ii. Conditioning Classical and operant.
  iii. Constructivism

B. Pedagogy -
• Knowledge of children from Diverse Context - Socio-cultural background, Children with special needs inclusive education, Understanding Children with learning difficulties and Behavioural problems.
• Organising Teaching - Teaching as Planned activity, Phases of Teaching (pre-active, Interactive and Post active Phases), Different methods of teaching - Lecture method, project method, Demonstration method. Heuristic Method, Concept of TLM and its importance, Diagnostic and remedial teaching.
• Classroom Management - Role of Teacher and the students, Leadership quality of teacher, time and task Management.
• Concept of child-centred teaching and competency based teaching.
• Evaluation - Continuous and Comprehensive Evaluation, Formative and summative evaluation.

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Language - I : Assamese - UP TET

• অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ জন্ম আৰু ক্রমবিকাশ সম্পর্কে ধাৰণা।
• অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ উপভাষাবোৰৰ বিষয়ে সাধাৰণ পৰিচয়।
• আধুনিক অসমীয়া সাহিত্যব প্রখ্যাত লেখক যেনে লক্ষ্মীনাথ বেজবৰুৱা, পদ্মনাথ গোহাঞিবৰুৱা, চন্দ্র কুমাৰ আগৰৱালা, জ্যোতিপ্রসাদ আগৰৱালা, ভৱানন্দ দত্ত, বীৰেন্দ্ৰ কুমাৰ ভট্টাচার্যৰ সাহিত্যকৃতিৰ সম্পর্কে পৰিচয়।
• অসমীয়া ভাষাৰ ব্যাকৰণৰ সম্যক পৰিচয়।
  (ক) শব্দ বিভক্তি আৰু ক্রিয়া বিভক্তিৰ ব্যবহাৰিক জ্ঞান।
  (খ) সন্ধি আৰু সমাসৰ পার্থক্য আৰু বিভিন্ন সমাস সম্পর্কে ধাৰণা।
  (গ) যতি চিন সমূহৰ প্রয়োগ সম্পর্কে সুস্পষ্ট ধাৰণা।
  (ঘ) জতুৱা ঠাচ আৰু খণ্ডবাক্যৰ প্রায়োগিক ধাৰণা।
  (ঙ) সমার্থক আৰু বিপৰীতার্থক শব্দৰ প্রায়োগিক জ্ঞান।
  (চ) সুকীয়া বানান অথচ অসমীয়াৰ উচ্চাৰণৰ পার্থক্য নথকা কিছুমান শব্দৰ প্ৰয়োগৰ পাৰ্থক্য জনা।
  (ছ) প্রত্যক্ষ উক্তি আৰু পৰোক্ষ উক্তিৰ ধাৰণা।
  (জ) অসমীয়া ভাষাত লিংগৰ ধাৰণা আৰু ব্যৱহাৰ জনা।
• মাতৃভাষা শিক্ষণ আৰু দ্বিতীয় ভাষা শিক্ষণৰ উদ্দেশ্যে আৰু পার্থক্য সম্পর্কে জনা।
• শ্রৱণ, কথন, পঠন, লিখন এই চাৰিটা মৌলিক কৌশল প্রয়োগ কৰোঁতে শ্রেণীকোঠাত অঞ্চল ভেদে সম্মুখীন হ'বলগা সমস্যা সম্পর্কে বাস্তৱ উদাহৰণসহ ধাৰণা।

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Lamguage - I : Bengali Syllabus - UP TET

• বাংলা ভাষার জন্ম ও ক্রমবিকাশ সর্ম্পকে ধারণা।
• বাংলা ভাষার উপভাষাগুলোর বিষয়ে সাধারণ পরিচয়।
• সাহিত্যের বিখ্যাত লেখক এবং তাঁদের সাহিত্য সংস্কৃতির সঙ্গে পরিচয় -
  i. রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর,
  ii. নজরুল ইসলাম,
  iii. সুকুমার রায়,
  iv. বঙ্কিমচন্দ্র চট্টোপাধ্যায়,
  v. ঈশ্বরচন্দ্র বিদ্যাসাগর,
  vi. জ্যোতিপ্রসাদ আগরওয়ালা।
• বাংলা ভাষার ব্যাকরণের সম্যক পরিচয় -
  (ক) শব্দ বিভক্তি ও ক্রিয়া বিভক্তির ব্যাবহারিক জ্ঞান
  (খ) সন্ধি ও সমাসের পার্থক্য ও বিভিন্ন সমাস সর্ম্পকে ধারনা
  (গ) যতি-বিরাম চিহ্নগুলোর প্রয়োগ সম্পকে সুস্পষ্ট ধারনা
  (ঘ) বান্ধারা ও বাক্যাংশের প্রায়োগিক ধারনা।
  (ঙ) সমার্থক ও বিপরীতার্থক শব্দের প্রায়োগিক জ্ঞান।
  (চ) সমোচ্চারিত ভিন্নার্থক শব্দের প্রায়োগ ও পার্থক্য জানা।
  (ছ) প্রত্যেক্ষ উক্তি ও পরোক্ষ উক্তি ধারনা।
  (জ) লিঙ্গের ধারনা ও ব্যবহার জানা।
• মাতৃভাষা শিক্ষণ ও দ্বিতীয় ভাষা শিক্ষণের উদ্দেশ্য ও পার্থক্য সর্ম্পকে জানা।
• শ্রবন, কথন, পঠন, লিখন এই চারটি মৌলিক কৌশল প্রয়োগ করতে শ্রেণিকক্ষে অঞ্চলভেদে সম্মুখীন হতে হয় সেই সমস্যা সর্ম্পকে বাস্তব উদাহরণ সহ ধারনা।

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Language - I : Bodo Syllabus - UP TET

• मिसनारि मुगारि बर' धुनलाइनि सायाव रोखा गियान थानांगोन।
• 1952 मायथाइनि उननि गोदान बर' थुनलाइनि रोखा गियान थानांगोन जेरे
  (क) गोदान बर' खन्थाइ, सुंद' सल' आरो सल 'मानि जारिमिननि गुमुर।
  (ख) गोदान बर' खन्याइगिरि जेरै समर ब्रहम चौधुरी, प्रसेनजित ब्रह्म, कलम कुमार ब्रह्म, बिहुराम बर', मत 'रन्जन लाहारी आरो ब्रजेन्द्र कुमार ब्रह्मनि खन्थाइ सोरजिनि गियान थानांगोन।
• बर' रावनि फुंखा (origin) नि गियान थानायनि अनगायैवो बे रावनि आथिखालनि मानधाखो आरो दावगानाय महरनि रोखा गियान थानांगोन।
• बर' रावनि दाथाइनि गियान, जेरै-
  (क) बर' रावनि गुबै आखुथाइफोर।
  (ख) धाइजा आरो बिदिन्यानि बाहायनाय।
  (ग) बर' रावआव बिगुन (थाइलालि) फोरमायनाय आरो दानाय खान्थि।
  (घ) बर' रावनि मुंस्लाइनि बाहायनाय।
  (ङ) बर' रावआव अनजिमा (बिसान) सोदोव दानाय आदब।
  (च) बर' रावआव बाना फाव आरो बाध्रा फान्दाय बाहायनाय।
• रावखान्थि फरायनाय आरो फोरॉनायनि गोनांथिनि सायाव रोखा गियान।
• बिमा राव (first language) आरो नैथि राव (second language) सोलोंनाय थांखि आरो गोनांथिखौ मिथितांगोन।
• खोनासंनाय, बुंनाय, फरायनाय, लिरनाय वे मोनबै गुदि आदब बाहायनायाव थाखो खथायाव जायगा लाना जायगा मोगा मोगि जानो गोनां जेंनानि सोमोन्दै मोखथां बिदिन्थिजों सानखांधाइ ।

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Language - I : Manipuri Syllabus - UP TET

• মনিপুরী লোনগী হৌরকপা অমদি চাওখৎলকপা খোঙচৎ খঙবা।
• মনিপুরী লোনগী লোনথৈশিং খঙবা
• মনিপুরী সাহিত্যকার অমসুং মখোয়গী খুদোল খঙবা -
  i চাউবা
  ii কমল
  iii হিজম অঙাংহল
  iv মীন-কেতন
  v হিজম গুনো
  vi বিনোদনী
  vii কুঞ্জমোহন
  viii জ্যোতিপ্রসাদ আগরবালা।
• মনিপুরী লোনগী লোনমীৎকি শমলপ্পা রাফম খঙবা
  (ক) বাহৈ পংখৈ, থৌপংথৈ শিজিন্নবা খঙবা
  (খ) সন্ধি অমসুং সমাসগী খেন্নবা খঙবা, সমাসগী মখল, শিজিন্নবা খণ্ডবা
  (গ) পল্লেপফম খুদম শিজিন্নবা গুম্বা।
  (ঘ) ৱাতা অমদি ৱাহৈপরেং মতুপ শিজিন্নবা ওম্বা
  (ঙ) ওন্না তৈনবা বাহৈ, ময়েক মান্নবা বাহৈ-বারোলদি মান্নদবা (পে, পে, লৈ, লৈ-খোনথোক্কী শাফু তুংইন্না) বাহৈ শিজিন্নবা গুম্বা।
  (চ) রাওং-ওনথোক ওনশিন তৌবা গুম্বা।
  (ছ) মৈতৈলোনদা বিশেষনদা পীশক পাশর্কী তুংইন্না শিজিন্নবা।
• ইমারোন তম্বা-তম্বীবগী অমসুং অনীশুবা লোন তম্বা-তম্বীবগী মীৎয়েৎ অমসুং পান্দম অমদি খেন্নবা খঙগনি।
• তাবা, ঙাংবা, পাবা, ইবা লোন তম্ব-তম্বীবগী মরু ওইবা লৌরোন মরিসে শিজিন্নবদ তন্ন-কাদা লমদম খেন্নবা তুংইন্না থেংনবা চয়েৎনবা খঙগনি।

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Language - I : Hmar Syllabus - UP TET

• Lekhaziek hlui le thu le hla hluihai ziektu, phuoktu, thuziek
  i) Pastor Thangngur Hla phuokhai
  ii) Dar Lam Hla thenkhat
  iii) Pi Je Puhai Hla thenkhat
  iv) Inthawina le Hlado thenkhat
• Tulai thuziekhai - ziektu a thu le phuoktu
  i) Kristien Missionary hai hmalakna le an thuzickhai
  ii) Tulai Hla phuoktuhai hla - L.Keivom, T.Khuma, H.Thick
  iii) Hmar Thusimhai : Tienami tulaia thusep
  iv) Lemchan : Hriet ang ang
  v) Grammar - Noun, Pronoun, Adjective Verb, Adposition
  vi) Thusep (Essay) - Inzinna, hrietna, inchukna, khawilang thu
• Tawng inchukna (methodology)
  i. Grammar danhai, thuttuon indik ziek indik je hmáng Indik, Thumal ziek Indik.
  ii. Grammar Inchukna thubul Tawng um dan le danglamna

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Language - I : Garo Syllabus - UP TET

• A.chikrangni ong. bachengant aro sasonni bidingo Tikkelani.
• A.chik Katta agananirango mingani.
• A.chik ku sikko sea tokanio bak ra.giparang-Howard Denison W.Momin, Lindrid D.Shira, Dr. Milton S. Sangma, Jönmoni D. Shira, Tuniram R. Marak, Shira, Rev. Ramke W. Momin, Uamangni Sea-tokani bidingo Kan dike talatani.
• Grammer:
  (a) Kattarangko jakkalani.
  (b) Verbni gimin U.lani aro Jakkalani
  (c) Synonyms aro Antonyms rangko jakkalani.
  (d) Agan me.apa aro katta-ku.jikse
  (e) Direct aro Indirect agananirangko Jakkalani,
  (f) Gender aro uarangko Jakkalani.
  (g) Subject aru predicaterangko jakkalani.
• Ku.siktangko sklani aro gnigipa ku.sik (second language) ni miksóngani aro dingtanggrikanl bidingo ma.sie ra.ani.
• Knaanichi aganarichi, paralanichi aro seanichi, larang mingbri kuisik sklani cholrangko jakkalengon Joltangtangni kri agangrikanjo neng.nikaniko man.engon uarangka mesakani baksa talatani.

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Langauge - I : Hindi Syllabus - UP TET

• हिंदी भाषा के क्रम-विकास की अवधारणा।
• हिंदी की उपभाषाओं व बोलियों के बारे में सामान्य जानकारी।
• आधुनिक हिंदी साहित्यकार प्रेमचंद, महादेवी वमी, सुमित्रानंदन पंत, रामधारी सिंह दिनकर, जयशंकर प्रसाद, माखनलाल चतुर्वेदी आदि के बारे में जानकारी।
• हिंदी भाषा का व्याकरणिक ज्ञान :
  (क) संधि और समास का प्रायोगिक ज्ञान।
  (ख) लिंग, वचन और कारक के बारे में जानकारी।
  (ग) मुहावरे और लोकोक्तियों के अर्थ और वाक्य में प्रयोग।
  (घ) विलोम, पर्यायवाची और समानार्थक शब्दों का ज्ञान।
  (ङ) वर्तनी का सही ज्ञान / 'र' का विभिन्न प्रयोग।
• मातृभाषा, शिक्षण का महत्व। तृतीय भाषा के रूप में हिंदी की अवधारणा।
• सुनना, बोलना, पढ़ना और लिखना- इन कौशलों का प्रयोग क्षेत्र अनुसार अलग-अलग ढंग से करना और यथासंभव उदाहरणों के साथ इन कौशलों की पुष्टि करना।

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Langauge - I : Karbi Syllabus - UP TET

• Karbi alam amahang kethek lapen kepangcho aputhak.
• Karbi alam aro-arim aputhak kepachini.
• Ovekimi along Karbi alammetpo aputhak.
  Sonsi : Rongbong Terang, Bonglong Terang, Longkam Teron. Bamonpo.
  Dhaneswar Engti heihui.
• Lamtasam:
  (a) Tomo Chepatar aputhak.
  (b) Sarlamthe aputhak.
  (c) Lunjir along alamthe. Sonsi- Manai-Chiklo, Tovar-Loti lapuson.
  (d) Hirjir aputhak ardi kipi.
  (e) Men, menlar, menklar, Hut, Sai, Saiklar.
  (f) Choklim pen amek (adak) ketok.
  (g) Lamthe ethe kapinchong. Sonsi: Achek + Angsu + Keda Cheksudo.
  (h) Karbi alam along Lingjen, Bangphu lapen aphai aputhak.
• Epi alam kacharli along adun alam lapen adunthu alam kacharlipon.
• Karjulong, kaningje, kaporhe lapen ketok la sonpbli abidi ke'enpon pen kacharli asirkut arlo along képho pon ason ason akisung alam kachini.

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Langauge - II : English Syllabus - UP TET

Pedagogy of Language Teaching -

• Learning and acquisition
• Principles of language teaching, functions of language.
• Development of four skills: Listening, speaking, reading and writing
• Continuous and comprehensive assessment, Assessing the four skills: Listening, speaking, reading and writing.
• Language difficulties, attitude towards errors and mistakes of second language learning
• Teaching Learning Materials,
• Teaching of vocabulary and structure
• Methods -
  i. Methods, approaches, techniques and strategies of teaching English
• Grammar -
  i. Correct form of verb/tense
  ii. Parts of speech (use as noun, adjective, adverbs)
  iii. Phrase and clause/phrasal verb/use of phrase and idioms
  iv. Determiners
  v. Voice-Active and passive voice
  vi. Narration
  vii. Transitive and intransitive verb
  viii. Prefix, suffix, Vocabulary-Synonyms, antonyms and homonyms
  ix. Sentence types/simple, compound, complex sentence/ question pattern/tag questions

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Mathematics Syllabus - UP TET

• Number System - Natural numbers, Test of divisibility, Whole numbers, Negative numbers and Integers, Rational numbers, Irrational numbers, Fractions, Decimal fractions, LCM and HCF of rational numbers, Comparisons and operations of rational numbers, properties of numbers, Square, Square roots, cube, cube roots, powers and exponents, Laws of Exponents.
• Ratio and Proportion, Simple and Compound Interest, use of unitary method, Discount, Profit and Loss.
• Algebra : Preliminary concept of Algebra, Algebraic expressions and their types, Operations on algebraic expressions, Factorization on algebraic expressions, Linear equations in one variable, Linear equations in two variables, Linear inequalities, Algebraic solutions of linear inequalities of one variable, Algebraic method of solutions of pair of Linear Equations.
• Geometry and Mensuration : Lines and angles, Pairs of angles, Properties of Triangles, Quadrilaterals and polygons, congruency of triangles, Area of triangle, Pythagoras Theorem, Perimeter and Area of different geometrical figures, Idea of Pie, Surface area and volume of Cube, Cuboid, Cone, Cylinder and Sphere, Surface area and volume of Combination of solids.
• Introduction to Graphs and Data Handling : Axes, Cartesian plane, co-ordinate of points, plotting of points in different situations, distance between two points, reading and drawing of linear graphs, Collection and organization of data, classification of data, class interval, frequency of a class, frequency distribution table, introduction of graphs, Bar and Pie graphs, reading Bar graphs, interpretation of data from graphs, Measures of Central Tendency.
• Intergration of ICT in teaching Mathematics -
  i. Importance of ICT in teaching Mathematics.
  i. Use of ICT in teaching Mathematics

Physics Syllabus - UP TET

• Motion in a straight line : Distance and displacement, speed and velocity, uniform and non-uniform motion, average and instantaneous speed and velocity, uniform acceleration, graphical representation of motion, periodic motion, pendulum, Oscillatory motion.
• Laws of Motion : Newton's first law of motion, qualitative concept of force, inertia of rest and inertia of motion and their examples, Newton's second law of motion,Quantitative concept of force, Newton's third law of motion and examples, Law of conservation of linear momentum.
• Heat and Temperature : Differences between heat and temperature, measurement, transfer of heat.
• Light : Rectilinear propagation of light, shadows, eclipses, transparent, opaque and translucent objects, Reflection of light, plane and spherical mirrors, laws of reflection, Refraction of light, refractive index, total internal refraction, refraction in lenses, laws of refraction, Image formed by spherical Mirrors and lenses, Defects of vision, Power of lenses.
• Sound : Oscillations and waves, kind of waves, Sound waves, sources of sound, propagation of sound through solids, liquids and gases, Speed of sound in different medium, ultrasound.
• Electricity : Electric charge and Coulomb's law, Electric cell, Conductors, Insulators, Electric field, Electric intensity and electric potential and potential difference, Electric current, Primary cell, Ohm's law, AC and DC, series and parallel combination of Resistances, Heating effects of electric current, magnetic effects of electric current.

Chemistry Syllabus - UP TET

• Metals and Non-Metals : Physical properties of Metals and Non-Metals, Chemical properties of Metals and Non-Metals, Reaction with Water and Acids, Use of Metals and Non-Metals.
• Physical and Chemical Change : Differences between chemical and physical change, Rusting of Iron, Galvanisation, Crystallisation.
• Acids, Bases and Salts: Acids and Bases, Indicators, Reaction of Acids and Bases with Metals, Reaction of Acids and Bases with each other, Strong or Weak solutions of Acid and Base, idea of pH, Importance of pH in everyday life, Chemicals from common salts.
• Fibre and Fabric : Natural and Synthetic Fibre, Making of Fabric, Plastics,
• Chemical Effects of Electric Current : Electrolysis and electroplating.
• Pollution : Air pollution and water pollution.

Biology Syllabus - UP TET

A. Living World

• Cells : Concept of cell, cell types, structure of cells and functions of cell organelles, difference between plant and animal cells, cell division.
• Transportation in Animals and Plants : Circulatory system, Excretory system in human, Blood vessels, Human heart, Transportation of substances and water in plants, Transpiration.
• Respiration in organisms : Cellular respiration, anaerobic respiration

B. Plant World

• Reproduction in plants : Mode of production, vegetation propagation, Fragmentation, sexual Reproduction, Fertilisation, Seed Dispersal.
• Nutrition in plants : Nutrients, Mode of multiplication in plants, Photosynthesis, Saprotrophs.
• Crop production and Management : Kharif and Rabi crops, Fertiliser and Manure, weeds and protection from weeds, different types of soil and crop production.

C. Animal World

• Microorganism : Virus, Bacteria, Fungi, Protozoa, Algae, Common ailments like cold, influenza, Disease like polio and chicken pox, dysentery and malaria, Beneficial microbes.
• Animal nutrition : The major nutrients in human's food and its sources, functions of nutrients, Diseases occurring for deficiency of different nutrients.
• Reproduction in Animals : Different modes of animal reproduction, Reproductive organs in animals, Development of Embryo and related processes, Asexual reproduction in animals.
• Intergration of ICT in teaching Science -
  i. Importance of ICT in teaching Science.
  ii. Use of ICT in teaching Science

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Social Studies Syllabus - UP TET

A. GEOGRAPHY

• Our Earth : Size, shape, motion of the earth and their effects, interior of the earth, earth crust, earthquake (with special reference to Assam), latitude and longitude.
• Solar system : Stars, planets and satellites.
• Major domains of the Earth : Lithosphere, Continents, Oceans, Hydrosphere, Atmosphere and Biosphere.
• Major Landforms of the Earth : Mountains, Plateau, Plains.
• About Assam : Geographic location, climate, natural vegetation, conservation of wildlife, biodiversity, major industries, major rivers and their tributaries.
• About India : Location, Climate, Physical divisions, Population growth and distribution.

B. HISTORY

• Pre-history : Evolution of Human Civilization from Hunting to Agriculture.
• Ancient urban civilizations : Features of Indus valley civilization-Town planning, religious beliefs, occupation, trade and commerce, art and culture, Harappan culture and contemporary world civilization.
• Vedic Age : Settlement of the Aryans, religious practices, livelihood, social system, Composition of Vedas.
• Pre-history of Assam : Geographical location of ancient Kamrupa, Socio-Economic Condition of Ancient Kamrupa, Barman, Sakstambha and Pal dynasties.
• Medieval Assam : The Ahom, Chutia and Koch Kingdom, the Baro Bhuyans and the Kacharis.
• Emergence of new religious ideas : Jainism and Buddhism.
• Major political dynasties of India and their contribution -
  (i) Ancient period - Mauryans and Guptas,
  (ii) Medieval period - Turko-Afghans and Mughals.
• Rise and growth of the British power in India : The Regulating Act, The Pitt's India Act, Doctrine of Lapse, Sepoy Mutiny, growth of India nationalisms, social reform movements, Non-cooperation movement, Civil disobedience movement and Quit India Movement, Role of Assam in freedom movement of India from 1857 to 1947.
• Reforms during the rule of East India Company : Administrative Reforms, Revenue Collection, Educational Reforms, Brahmo Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Ramkrishna Mission, Arya Samaj.

C. ECONOMICS

• Basic concepts of Economics : Production, utility, income, wealth, money, price.
• Market : Concept of Market, Difference between whole Sale market and retail market. Money and Banking Concept of money, types and functions of bank, other funding agencies.
• Natural Resources : Natural Resources of India with special reference to Assam, Role of natural resources in economic development.
• Human Resources : Human Resource development, its indicators, Problems of Human resource development and role of the Govt., Measures taken by the Govt. in Education, Health and Employment sector, Role of human resources in economic development of India.
• Planning and Budget : Planning, Budget and national income, Economic planning, Five Year Planning.
• Financial Institutions : Role of financial institution in Economic development, types and functions of banks and other financial institution for socio economic development of people, functions of NEDFi and NEC, schemes of Self-Help-Groups.
• National Income : Gross National Product (GNP), Net National product (NNP), Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Net Domestic Product (NDP), Nominal and Real Income, per Capita income and standard of living.

D. POLITICAL SCIENCE

• The Government : Concept of Government, various types of Government, State and Central Government, Local-Self Government.
• Democracy : Democracy and its principles, Election process, role of opposition parties and democracy.
• The Constitution : Basic concept of constitution, Types of constitution, Characteristics of Indian constitution, its Preamble and principles, Fundamental rights and duties of citizen.
• Intergration of ICT in teaching Social Science
  i. Importance of ICT in teaching Social Science.
  ii. Use of ICT in teaching Social Science